Change-speed gearing.



A. GOTTL & F. L008.

7 CHANGE SPEED GEARING.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 1. 1913.

Patented Jan. 25,1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

2 WWW, M Q

THE COLUMBIA PLANDGRAPH (20.. WASHINGTON, D. c.

A. GOTTL & F. LOOS.

CHANGE SPEED GEARlNG.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 1. 1913..

Patented Jan. 25, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2- MUM/05mm flyw 'rHB CoLUMBm PLANOGRAPH C0,, WASHINGTON,n. c.

A. GOTTL & F. LOOS.

CHANGE SPEED GEARING.

APPLICATIONHLED MAR. 1, 1 913.

' Patented Jan. 25, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- WWW MW Patented Jan. 25, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

UNTTED ETAT PATENT @lE TTEEQ AUGUST GOTTL AND FRANZ LOOS, OF FISCHERN,NEAR CAR-LSIBAD, AUSTRIA- HUNGARY.

CHANGE-SPEED GEARING.

Application filed March 1, 1913.

Toa/ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, AUcUs'r Go'rTL and FRANZ Loos, both subjects of theEmperor of Austriallungary, residing at Fischern, near Carlsbad, Empireof Austria-Hungary, have invented certain new and useful 1m} provementsin Change-Speed Gearing; and

gearing for motor cars and the like in which between the driving and thedriven shaft friction clutch members and a plurality of gears ofdifferent gear ratios are interposed.

he friction clutch members comprise a series of friction diskscorresponding in.

number to the number of different speecs or gear ratios desired, each ofwhich friction disks is adapted to be coupled indiidually with thedriving shaft and each of which is permanently connected with a separatetransmitting gear. The coupling of the friction disks is preferablybrought about by divided friction rings connected with the driving shaftwhich rings on closing engage with the said disks. The rings are preferably closed by a set of clamping jaws adapted to be pushed and closedover the desired friction disk and to be opened by the driver. 7 in theannexed drawings Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional View of part of apreferred construction of a change speed gearing embodying the presentinvention. Fig. 1? is a similar view of the remaining part of thegearing. Figs. 2 and 3 are transverse sectionsonthe lines 2, 2 and 3, 3,Fig. 1, looking-in the direction of thearrows. Fig. dis a centralsectional view of one of the gear wheels of the intermediate shaft Fig.5 a transverse sectional view of the free wheel mechanism associatedwith the gear 30; and Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view taken onthe line 66 of Fig. 5.

The change speed gearing comprises in the preferred construction shownin the drawings a casing 1 connected with the fly wheel 20h the mainshaft 3 of the motor (not shown) constituting the driving shaft.

41 are rocking shafts journaled in the casing 1 and a frame 5 adapted toslide axially along a sleeve 6 beingoperated for this pur- Specificationof Letters Patent.

and the disks 10 Patented Jan. 25, 1916.

Serial No. 751,639.

pose a rod 7 engaging with it by means of a rlng and groove connection8.

lVithin the casing 1 friction disks 9, 10 11 and 12 and friction rings9, 10', 11 and 12 are mounted. Each of the friction rings is divided andprovided with springs tending to separate from each other the parts ofsuch divided friction rings that is to say to open such rings. Only oneset of these springs is shown in the drawings to wit in Fig. 2 andnumbered 12. The friction disk 9 is keyed upon a shaft 18 and the disks1(), 11, 12 are keyed on sleeves 1 1, 15 and 16 respectively co -axialwith the shaft 13.

The number of the friction disks correspond to the number of differentspeeds for ward and backward desired. In the construction shown in thedrawing the disks 9, 10, 11 are designed for forward running, the disk 9serving for the highest speed and 11 for lower speeds while the disk 12is designed for backward running. 7

On each of the rocking shafts 4* a clamp ing jaw 17 is keyed (Fig. 2)and furthermore a sleeve 18 is mountedwhich is adapt ed to turn with andto slide along such rocking shaft. Each of the sleeves 18 carries a wormwheel segment 19 and the worm wheel segments corresponding tocooperating clamping jaws engage with oppositely pitched worms 20, 21 ona common shaft 19 which also carries a pinion 22 engaging into a rack 23on the sleeve 6. This sleeve is adapted to slide on the outermost sleeveor hollow shaft 16 and is operated by the driver through the medium of asuitable link and lever gearing against the action of a spring 2%interposed between the sleeve 6 and the casing 1 and tending to forcesuch sleeve into one of its extreme positions.

l/Vhen the sleeve moves outward under the action of the spring 24: thepinions '22 are revolved in the directions of the arrows and the rockingshafts 4: are rotated through the medium of the sleeves 18, wormsegments 19 and worms 20, 21 in such a direction that the cooperatingclamping jaws 17 close the friction ring in front of them and cause itto engage with the corresponding friction disk, so that the latter isdriven with the speed of the shaft 3. If it is desired to drive anotherof the friction disks the sliding sleeve 6 is pushed by the driver 3opening the corresponding friction ring;

The driver then shifts the sliding frame, 5

(which are then in the open position shown in Fig, 2') are opposite thedesired friction to disk. The sliding sleeve6. is then releasedwhereupon it is thrown outward by the c spring 24f until thelclampingjaws 17 again move toward each other closing the friction. ring of theselected friction disk thus throw- & ing'into action the latter wherebythe desired speed is obtained.

Each of the hollow shafts 14, 15, 16-of the friction disks 10, 11, 12carriesv in the construction shown a spur wheel 25, 26, 27.

These spur wheels together with the wheels engaging therewith and thebearings of the hollow shafts and of the driven shaft are mounted in acasing 28 secured in the car frame. One end of the shaft 13 is geared inany suitable, manner with the driving axle and the other end of theshaft 13 passes .through the casing 28 and projects into the casing 1carrying-the friction disk 9 as already stated. Preferably this end ofthe 3 shaftis journaled in the fly wheel of the motor. On the shaft18the hollow shaft 14-, on the latter the hollow shaft 15 and soon arejournaled in any suitable manner. in the casing 28 an intermediate shaft29 is journaled which carries the gear wheels for all speeds, the gearwheel 25011 the 1101- .lowshaft 1 1 meshing with a gear wheel 80 looseon the shaft 29 and carrying one part of a free wheel mechanism, theother part of which is keyed on the shaft 29. Although the free wheelmechanism may he consti- .tutedof any'of a variety of clutches, the

same preferably consists of a ball clutch such as is illustrated moreparticularly in 5 Figs. 5 and6 to consist of a flanged member 31, keyedor otherwise secured to rotatewith the-shaft 29, as indicated at 31, thesame constituting the outer member of theclutch mechanlsin- The lnnermember 30 1s advantageously cast with the gear wheel 30,

orsecured thereto in any desired manner,

and is provided with a plurality of recesses 32 for receiving balls 38normally lying within said recesses and out of contact with 5 theinterior wall of the member31. The interior member 370 is furtherconstructed with cam faces 34 for forcing the balls 83 intoengagementwith the interior wall of the member 31 when the gear wheel 30is rotated in a counter-clockwise direction. As

will be understood, this engagement binds the membersof the clutchmechanism to rotatetogether, and motion is thereby transmitted to theshaft 29.. The gear wheel 26 on the hollow shaft 15 meshes with the gear'mechanism illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 and shown indicated generally at33, the other part of which is keyed on the shaft 29. Fast on the endofthe shaft 29 is a gear wheel 34: axially so far that the clampiiig jawsdisk 12 for the backward movement a gear wheel 27 is mounted whichmeshes into the gear wheel 36 on a shaft 36 journalcd in the casing 28and carrying another gear wheel 37 engaging with the gear wheel 32whereby the shaft 29 is driven in the reverse direction. T he gear wheel32 carries one part of a free wheel mechanism 38 the other part 39 ofwhich is mounted on the shaft 29 in such a manner that it revolves withand is adapted to slide along the same. This part 39 of the-free wheelmechanism is connected with the throwing out lever 41 by a ring 4-0 inthe well known manner. The lever 41. is pivoted in the casing, 28, itsfree end 4% bearing against a stop 4-5 on the bar 7. Moreover this end4A- of the lever il is connected by a spring 42 with a bolt 43 in thecasing 28 so that the free end of the lever 41 is always drawn towardthe right hand side of Fig. 1 against the stop 46.

The operation of this change speed gearing is as follows: Assuming thechange speed gearing to be in the inoperative position shown in Fig. 1in which the clamping jaws 17 together with the slide frame 5 are solocated that the former are between the friction rings 11 and 12 of thefriction disks l1 and 12 respectively, that is to say in inoperativeposition, then, when it is desired to start the change speed gearing thedriver pushes the slide sleeve 6 toward the casing 1 so that theclamping jaws 17 separate as shown in Fig. 1. For throwing on the firstspeed, that is to say, for throwing into gear the friction disk 11 theslide frame 5 is pushed by means of the rod 7 so far toward the casing 1that the clamping jaws come opposite the friction ring 11' of the diskwhereupon the rod 7 is locked in any suitable manner in this position.Then the slide sleeve 6 is released and is thrown forward by the spring24 whereby the clamping jaws 17 are moved toward each other as aboveexplained that is to say the friction disk 11 is coupled with thedriving shaft 3. By means of the hollow shaft 15 and the gearwheel 26the gear wheel 32 is driven which through the medium of the free wheelmechanism 38, the shaft 29 and the gear wheels 34, 35 drives the shaft13 and hence the axle of the wheels.

If it is desired to pass over to other speeds the operations justdescribed are repeated; at the highest speed the friction disk 9directly-drives the shaft 13. For backward movement the sliding frame 5is pushed meanesaway from the casing 1 when the change speed gearing isin the idle or free run position, otherwise the manipulations justdescribed are the same. The friction disk for the backward movementdrives by means. of the hollow shaft 16 and the gear wheels 27, 36 and87 the wheel 32. On shifting the sliding frame 5 the clutch halves 38,39, Fig. l, are brought into engagement with each other by means of therod 7 and the lever- 41 so that the gear wheel 32 drives the shaft 29and thereby also the shaft 13 through the medium of the clutch 38, 39.On throwing out of action the backward movement mechanism, the clutchhalves are automatically disengaged by the action of the spring 42.

By the change speed gearing the speeds may be changed without shock andjar and the gears of the speeds not thrown 011 are at rest; owing to theuse of the free wheel mechanisms the permanent engagement of the gearwheels reduces the wear of the same and insures a continuous exactmeshing and avoids any noise on changing the speed. By using only oneset of clamping jaws and by connecting the gearing for the backwardmovement with the gearing for one of the forward speeds the entirestructure is notably simplified and its reliability increased.

Claims:

1. In a change speed gearing the combination of a driving shaft; acasing connected to be driven from said driving shaft; a driven shaft; aplurality of coaxial counter-shafts mounted on the driven shaft;

friction wheels mounted on said countershafts, respectively; frictionrings mounted in said casing and adapted to engage with said frictionwheels; selective means for moving said friction rings to engage withsaid friction wheels; driving connections between said counter-shaftsand the driven shaft; and a direct drivin connection between saiddriving and driven shafts, substantially as described.

2. In a change speed gearing the combination of adriving shaft; a casingconnected to be driven from said driving shaft; a driven shaft; aplurality of coaxial counfer-shafts mounted on the driven shaft;friction wheels mounted on said countershafts respectively; frictionrings mounted in said casing and adapted to engage with said frictionwheels, respectively; clamping jaws slidablv mounted on said casing;means for actuating said clamping jaws to selectively engage and movesaid friction rings to engage said friction wheels; driving connectionsbetween said counter-shafts and the driven shaft; and a direct drivingconnection between said driving and driven shafts, substantially asdescribed.

3. ln a change speed gearing the combination of a driving shaft; acasing connected to be driven from said driving shaft; a

driven shaft; a plurality of co-axial counter-shafts mounted on thedriven shaft; friction wheels mounted on said countersh-afts,respectively; friction rings mounted in said casing and adapted toengage with said friction wheels, respectively; rocker shafts mounted onsaid casing; clamping jaws mounted on said rocker shafts and adapted toengage with said friction rings respectively; means for shifting saidrocker shafts whereby to position said clamping jaws to selectivelyengage with said friction rings; a device associated with said rockershafts for automatically actuating said clamping jaws; drivingconnections between said counter-shafts and the driven shaft; and. adirect driving connection between said driving and driven shafts,substantially as described.

i. In a change speed gearing the combi nation of a driving shaft; acasing connected to be driven from said driving shaft; a driven shaft; aplurality of coaxial countor-shafts mounted 011 the driven shaft;friction wheels mounted on said countershafts respectively; frictionrings mounted in said casing and adapted to engage with said frictionwheels; rocker shafts slidably mounted on said casing; clamping jawsmounted on said rocker shafts and adapted to engage with and actuatesaid friction rings; means for sliding said rocker shafts to positionsaid clamping jaws; a sleeve slidably mounted on said co-axialcountershafts; gearing connections between said sleeve and said rockershafts automatically operable to actuate said clamping jaws to engagesaid friction rings; driving connections between said counter-shafts andthe driven shaft; and a direct driving connection between said drivingand driven shafts, substantially as described.

In a change speed gearing the combination of a driving shaft; a casingconnected to be driven from said driving shaft; a driven shaft; aplurality of co-axial counter-shafts mounted on the driven shaft;friction wheels mounted on said countershafts, respectively; frictionrings mounted in said casing and adapted to engage with llfl saidfriction wheels; rocker shafts slidably mounted on said casing; clampingjaws mounted on said rocker shafts and adapted to engage with andactuate said friction rings; means for sliding said rocker shafts toposition said clamping jaws; a sleeve slidablv mounted on said co-axialcounter.- shafts and provided with a rack; gear elements .journaled onsaid casing and meshing with said rack; gear elements mounted on saidrocker shafts and meshing with said rack gear elements whereby toactuatethe clamping jaws through the sliding movement of said sleeve;driving connections between said counter-shafts and the driven shaft;and a directdrivin'g'connection between said driving. and driven shafts,substantially asidescribed.

" 6; In a change speed gearing the combination ofadriving shaft; acasing connected to'be'idriven' from said driving shaft; a driven shaft;a pluralitv of co-axial countershaftsmounted on the driven shaft;friction wheels mounted on said counter-shafts; respectively; frictionrings mounted in said casing and adapted to engage with said frictionwheel s; rocker shafts slidably mounted on said casing; clamping jawsmounted on said rocker shafts and adapted to engage with and actuatesaid friction rings; means for sliding said rocker shafts to positionsaid Clamping jaws; a sleeve slidably mounted on said co-axialcounter-shafts and provided with a rack; pinions journaled on saidcasing and meshing with said rack; screw and worm gearing connectionsbetween said rocker shafts and said pinions whereby to actuate theclamping jaws through the sliding movement of said sleeve; drivingconnections between said counter-shafts and the driven shaft; and adirect driving connection between said driving and drivenshafts,fsubstantially as described.

7; Ina change speed gearing the combination "of a plurality ofcounter-shafts; a driven shaft; selective means for driving saidcounter-shafts at different speeds comprising a slidable frame; anintermediate shaft connected to drive the driven shaft; a secondintermediateshaft connected to be driven from oneof said counter-shafts;gear wheels mounted on said first intermediate shaft and connected to bedriven from the other of said counter-shafts; said second intermediateshaft having driving connection with 'onefof said gear wheels of thefirst intermediate shaft; a clutch element associated with said gearwheel; a lever connected to said'clutch element; and a connectionbetween'said clutch lever and said slidable frame operabletovautomatically throw said clutch" element into engaging positionthrough themovement of said sleeve, sub- 'stantially as described.

5[ fna change speed gearing the combination of a driving shaft; a drivenshaft; coaXial counter-shafts mounted on said driven shaft; selectivedriving mechanism between said drivingand counter-shafts; anintermediate shaft connected to drive the driven shaft; gear'wheelsmounted on said intermediate shaft; driving'connections between certainof said counter-shafts and said gear wheels; a second intermediate shaftconnected todrive one of said gear wheels for reversing the drivenshaft; driving connec tions between said second intermediate shaft andone of said counter-shafts; a clutch element associated withthe reversedriving gear wheel of the first intermediate shaft; it

messes lever connected to said clutch element; selective controllingmechanism and an operative connection between said actuating lever andthe selective controlling mechanism automatically operable to throw saidclutch element into operative position through the movement of saidcontrolling mechanism substantially as described.

9. In a change speed gearing the combination of a driving shaft; adriven shaft; a plurality of coaxial shafts each having fast on it afriction clutch member; a plurality of friction clutch members fast onthe driving shaft, one for each of the friction clutch members on thesaid coaxial shafts; means for bringing into engagement any one of thefriction clutch members on the driving shaft with the friction clutchmember on the corresponding one of said coaxial shafts; a gear wheelfast on the innermost of the coaxial shafts; means for coupling the saidinnermost shaft with the driven shaft; an intermediate shaft; a gearwheel fast on said intermediate shaft and meshing with the gear wheel onthe said innermost shaft; gear wheels fast on the remaining coaxialshafts; gear wheels mounted on said intcrmediate shaft; free wheelmechanism interposed between the intermediate shaft and each of the lastnamed gear wheels, each of said gear wheels fast on the remainingcoaxial shafts meshing with one of said gear wheels mounted on saidintermediate shaft; and means for reversing the direction of rotation ofthe intermediate shaft.

10. In a change speed gearing the combination of a di" ing shaft; adriven shaft; a plurality of coaxial shafts, each having fast on it afriction clutch member; a plurality of friction clutch members fast 011the driving shaft one for each of the friction clutch members on thesaid coaxial shafts; means for bringing into engagement any one of thefriction clutch members on the driving shaft with the friction clutchmember on the corresponding one of said coaxial shafts; means forcoupling the said innermost shaft with the driven shaft; an intermediateshaft; a gear wheel fast on such intermediate shaft and meshing with thegear wheel on said innermost shaft; gear wheels fast on the remainingcoaxial shafts; gear wheels mounted on the said intermediate shaft; freewheel mechanism interposed between the intermediate shaft and each ofthe last named gear gear wheel fast on said additional shaft, an

auxiliary shaft, two gear wheels fast on the same, one meshing with thegear Wheel fast on said additional shaft and the other with one of thegear wheels mounted on the intermediate shaft, a clutch member fast onthe last named gear wheel, a clutch member fast on the intermediateshaft; and means for simultaneously throwing into and out of engagementthe friction clutch member fixed on said additional shaft with thecorresponding friction clutch member fast on the driving shaft, and theclutch member fast on the last named gear wheel with the said clutchmember fast on the intermediate shaft.

11. In a change speed gearing the combination of a driving shaft; adriven shaft; a plurality of coaxial shafts in line with the drivingshaft, each having fast on it a friction disk; a plurality of dividedfriction rings fast on the driving shaft, one for each of the frictiondisks on the said coaxial shafts and inclosing its friction disk, saidfriction disks and friction rings being arranged side by side along theaxis of the coaxial shafts; means for closing any one of said dividedfriction rings individually on its friction disk, said means comprisinga set of clamping jaws; means for shifting said clamping jaws along theaxis of the coaxial shafts; means for moving saidclamping jaws towardand away from each other; a gear wheel fast on the innermost of thecoaxial shafts; means for coupling the said innermost shaft with thedriven shaft; an in termediate shaft; a gear wheel fast on saidintermediate shaft and meshing with the gear wheel on the said innermostshaft; gear wheels fast on the remaining coaxial shafts; gear wheelsmounted on said intermediate shaft; free wheel mechanism interposedbetween the intermediate shaft and each of the last named gear wheelsmounted thereon, each of said gear wheels fast on the remaining coaxialshafts meshing with one of the said gear wheels mounted on the saidintermediate shaft; and means for reversing the direction of rotation ofthe intermediate shaft.

12. In a change speed gearing the combination of a driving shaft; adriven shaft; a plurality of coaxial shafts in line with the drivingshaft, each having fast on it a friction disk; a plurality of dividedfriction rings fast on the driving shaft, one for each of the frictiondisks on the said coaxial shafts and inclosing its friction disk, saidfriction disks and friction rings being arranged side by side along theaxis of the coaxial shafts; means for closing any one of such dividedfriction rings individually on its friction disk, said means comprisinga slide frame revolving with the driving shaft and adapted to slidealong the coaxial shafts; rocking shafts mounted in such frame andparallel to the axis of the coaxial shafts; clamping jaws mounted onsuch rocking shafts; a slide sleeve adapted to slide along the coaxialshafts and provided with rack teeth; pinions journaled in the slideframe and engaging with such rack teeth and adapted to rock the saidrocking shafts; projections on the said divided friction rings adaptedto engage with the said clamping jaws; and means comprising a spring formoving the slide sleeve to and fro along the coaxial shafts, and a setof clamping jaws; means for shifting said clamping jaws along the axisof the coaxial shafts; means for moving said clamping jaws toward andaway from each other; a gear wheel fast on the innermost of the coaxialshafts; means for coupling the said innermost shaft with the drivenshaft; an intermediate shaft; a gear wheel fast on said intermediateshaft and meshing with the gear wheel on the said innermost shaft; gearwheels fast on the remaining coaxial shafts; gear wheels mounted on saidintermediate shaft; free wheel mechanism interposed between theintermediate shaft and each of the last named gear wheels mountedthereon, each of the said gear wheels fast on the remaining coaxialshafts meshing with one of the said gear wheels mounted on the saidintermediate shaft, and means for reversing the direction of rotation ofthe intermediate shaft.

in testimony whereof, we affix our signatures in presence of twowitnesses.

AUGUST GOTTL. FRANZ LOOS.

Witnesses:

H. Cows,

Fnz. MARKERT.

Copies Of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

